Does watching someone else relieve a nagging itch spark the same impulse in you? A study in mice suggests contagious itching may have evolved as a reflex to protect animals from threats. Now, Chen and ...

The otolith organs consist of the utricle and saccule. The utricle mediates the utriculo-ocular reflex by detecting horizontal head translation and static head tilt. Skew deviation is a vertical ...

Since the distal part of the intestine is targeted by a wide range of pathogens, the motility of the recto-anal region has been the object of many experimental and clinical observations. In this study ...

A tickle in the nose can help trigger a sneeze, expelling irritants and disease-causing pathogens. But the cellular pathways that control the sneeze reflex go far beyond the sinuses and have been ...

The keen practitioner can gain helpful information simply by assessing pupillary responses. The pupils will offer substantial insight into one’s ocular health and the state of the visual pathways ...

This study investigates changes in spinal excitability using peripheral nerve stimulation. We use the Hoffman reflex (H-reflex) to assess segmental changes following a neuroplasticity-priming ...