The surface properties of some steel alloys can be adjusted through the introduction of specific elements via diffusion. An example of such a process is nitriding, where nitrogen is diffused into the ...

The figure shows the evolution of the microstructure of the melt pool under the influence of the simulated transient temperature field. Nucleated grains are represented in pink-purple plots, while ...

DP steels contain islands of hard martensitic second phase in a ferritic matrix. Steel strength improves when the volume fraction of hard second phases increases. The formation of DP steels involves ...

A team of researchers have observed and reported for the first time the unique microstructure of a novel ferroelectric material, enabling the development of lead-free piezoelectric materials for ...