Pionic helium In this experiment, a pion – shown here with one orange and one blue particle representing its quark and anti-quark – replaces one of the two electrons in the helium atom. This new ...

Helium atom precision measurements and calculations have a history of nearly a century. In the 1960s, theorists discovered that the fine-structure split (23P0-23P2) of the 23P energy level of helium ...

The interest in exotic atoms arises from the fact that they often facilitate the most basic experimental strategy used in physics: changing a single parameter or component in an otherwise complex ...

Artificial atoms allow scientists to push the laws of physics to the limit, gaining insight into what we are familiar with already and what we are yet to discover. Researchers have now created a new ...

The onset of “electron correlation” in the helium atom has been observed for the first time by an international team of researchers. Using the “photoionization microscopy” technique that the team ...