Energy production in nature is the responsibility of chloroplasts and mitochondria and is crucial for fabricating sustainable, synthetic cells in the lab. Mitochondria are not only "the powerhouses of ...

One of the most momentous events in the history of life involved endosymbiosis—a process by which one organism engulfed ...

Scientists found molecular evidence supporting the idea that chloroplasts originated as energy-generating organelles and only later evolved to support carbon assimilation in plant cells. One of the ...

Under cold conditions, not only the mother plant but also the father plant can pass on its chloroplasts to the offspring. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology in ...

Before I retired, I taught science to fourth graders in Midland’s gifted and talented program. As a scientist myself, I ...

Malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes catalyzing the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate are highly active enzymes in mitochondria, in peroxisomes, in chloroplasts, and in the cytosol. Determination of the ...

People need to sleep, and sleep deprivation can cause many changes in the brain. But we have a poor understanding of why sleep is so crucial. New research has examined a fruit fly model to assess how ...