Clock and Data Recovery (CDR) circuits form a critical component in modern digital communication systems, where the accurate extraction of timing information from data streams is paramount. These ...

Here we design the second type wherein the circuit displays count from 0 to 59, representing a 60 second time interval. In other words here the circuit displays the time in seconds only. This article ...

Clock speed is equivalent to data movement in applications that receive and process hundreds of megabytes of data each second. Applications involved in moving enormous volumes of data include cellular ...

Clocks are the heartbeats of embedded systems, providing timing references and synchronization between components, subsystems, and entire systems. Incorrect clock signal amplitudes and timing can ...

In 2025 we are spoiled for choice when it comes to displays, with affordable LCDs, OLEDs, TFTs, and e-ink panels of all sizes only a few clicks away. But in decades past, such exotica were not on the ...